In 2015, TL 6.17 billion ($2.13 billion) was spent on Research and Development (R&D), increasing expenditures by 10 percent compared to the preceding year, according to calculations made by the Central Administration Budget.According to the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat) Allowances and Spending Allocated from the Central Administration Budget Report, spending on R&D corresponds with 0.32 of the total gross domestic product (GDP) and 1.08 percent of total expenditures included in the 2015 Central Administration Budget. These numbers were 0.32 percent and 1.12 percent in 2014, respectively.According to estimates based on initial allowances in the budget, the initial allowances allocated for R&D in 2016 totals TL 7.46 billion. When the initial allowances are classified in accordance with socio-economic targets based on the Analysis and Comparison of Scientific Programs and Budgets, most of the 2016 allowances are allocated for general information development financed from general university funds at 31.9 percent, followed by defense at 29.1 percent, industrial production and technology at 13.8 percent, education at 4.3 percent and agriculture at 4.3 percent.