From Egypt to Kazakhstan, the foreign assets of Russian oil major Lukoil are drawing interest from international bidders as time runs out to clear deals before U.S. authorities enforce sanctions later this month.

The U.S. has hit Lukoil with sanctions as part of its effort to bring the Kremlin to peace talks over Ukraine, and has already blocked Lukoil's attempt to sell foreign assets to trader Gunvor ahead of the Nov. 21 sanctions deadline.

The sanctions have also already disrupted Lukoil's operations in Iraq, at pump stations in Finland and a refinery in Bulgaria. As its empire creaks, governments and partners are hoping to snap up its foreign assets on the cheap. Lukoil didn't reply to requests for comment.

Bidders circle

Kazakhstan's state firm KazMunayGas is studying a bid for Lukoil's assets in the country, said two sources familiar with the matter.

Lukoil has a stake in Karachaganak, one of the world's largest gas and condensate fields, with Eni, Shell, Chevron and KazMunayGas.

Any new partnership will be decided by the project's participants, taking into account the sanctions, Kazakhstan's energy ministry said in a statement.

Shell is interested in Lukoil's deepwater blocks in Ghana and Nigeria, two other sources said. Shell declined to comment.

In Egypt, Lukoil has indicated to the government its possible plans to sell out, a fifth source familiar with the situation said. Lukoil holds three concessions in Egypt. Egypt's petroleum ministry didn't respond to a request for comment.

The government of Moldova has started talks to nationalise Lukoil’s infrastructure at Chisinau airport, the airport’s director, Serdgiu Spoiala, said on Tuesday. Bulgaria is preparing to seize Lukoil’s Burgas refinery.

Azerbaijan's state firm SOCAR and Turkish Cengiz Holding jointly bid for the refinery before the sanctions.

Cengiz reportedly aims to proceed with the deal, Turkish media exclusively reported this week. The company didn't immediately respond to a Reuters request for comment.

Lukoil's options

Lukoil faces difficult choices, said Sergey Vakulenko, a senior fellow at the Carnegie Russia Eurasia Center and former head of strategy at Russian oil firm Gazprom Neft.

If the company sells its assets, the proceeds could be frozen by the U.S. Treasury, he said.

But delaying action would likely mean state takeovers of some assets or their freezing, said Vakulenko and Igor Yushkov from the Financial University of the Russian government.

"There's really no point for Lukoil to rush," said Yushkov.

"If some assets are frozen, they're frozen. Just wait until the conflict in Ukraine ends, and then maybe sanctions will be eased. That's the lesser evil, probably."

Lukoil may try to emulate the strategy of Russian oil firm Rosneft, which saw Germany put its three refineries under a trusteeship in 2022. The plants are now controlled by Berlin but Rosneft still owns them.

"Either you sell it yourself and hope you'll get the proceeds, or you try to retain ownership," Vakulenko said.