Who are the allies and the enemies in Syria?


I am one of those who believe that the First World War is not yet over. However, the fine line between friends and foes or colonizer and colonized was made clear during the period of colonization. In a similar vein, the main reflexes of states during the Cold War and the members of the Western and Eastern blocs, in addition to the non-aligned members of Egypt, India and Yugoslavia, laid bare the sides and aims of the conflicts and diplomatic tensions between various states. Thus, it was easier to grasp the form and content of the issue at hand.

In the post-Cold War era, relations between states have become much more complicated. The state of post-modernism brings forward not only confusion and futility in science, but also secrecy and ambiguity in international relations. Wars and alliances have become much more sophisticated and chaotic than ever before. In this respect, I would like to pose a certain number of questions with the aim of understanding and explaining the complex structure of the Syrian crisis:

1. Which states and non-state actors belong to which side in Syria? Is it possible to talk about a Western alliance in the Syrian crisis?

2. The PYD (Democratic Union Party) that occupied the lands given by Iran to northern Syria has been supported by the regime of Bashar Assad, Russia and Iran. So, why does the United States support the PYD?

3. Which side does Israel support in the Syrian crisis?

4. Who constituted and now controls and supports DAESH?

5. Why does DAESH have no concern about Israel or the U.K. whatsoever?

6. Although Turkey constitutes a crucial part of the so-called Western alliance in Syria, why do the Western theses on the Syrian crisis coincide with those of Iran and Russia?

7. Who moved France away from its focus on the fall of the Assad regime with the DAESH threat?

8. Why did the U.S., which occupied Iraq in one week, decide that the struggle against DAESH, which had occupied Mosul, would last 30 years?

9. Under the pretext of struggling against DAESH, which country aims to drastically change the demographic structure of Syria? Who occupies the lands of the Turkmens and Sunnis?

10. Is there a tacit agreement between Israel and Iran that brought not only Russia, but also Hezbollah from Lebanon to Syria? Is the nemesis between Israel and Iran over?

11. After the Iraqi occupation, why didn't the U.S. prevent the al-Qaida attacks against the Shiite people?

12. Was the monster DAESH created for the total annihilation of the Sunni people and the foundation of a pure Shiite state in Iraq?

13. Why has the fall of DAESH lasted for 30 years while almost all of the countries concerned with the Syrian crisis have made an alliance against it?

14. Does the Greater Middle East Initiative continue while Syria serves as a testing ground?

15. Does the U.S. have a consistent and decisive Syrian policy at all?

16. It is easy to extend the list of questions regarding the ongoing Syrian crisis, while we need to pose more questions to expose the complex structure of the Middle Eastern formula. In such a complicated formula, those who seem to be allies could turn out to be enemies, while others that seem to be foes could become friends.