It could be foreseen in the early 2000s that a radical regime change in Turkey would be undertaken by religious Turks and Kurds. The Feb. 28 postmodern coup was staged to obstruct economic moves that broke the introversion of religious sections with the spurt of the Anatolian Tigers (the generation of entrepreneurs who have achieved significant growth in certain Anatolian cities since the 1980s). It was also anticipated that this newly-flourishing faction which that consisted of conservatives would get involved in politics and affect it to a large extent. Throughout the history of the Turkish Republic religious people have not taken radical actions out of the blue, rather they watched for the right time. The postmodern coup did not lead to chaos among the members of the National Vision Movement (Milli Görüş Hareketi) – rather it gave them the opportunity to confront themselves. This process foreshadowed that they would come to power five years later and make fundamental changes in Turkey over the next 13 years.In this process, we have witnessed a dramatic change of political actors and the social sections they represent as well as a struggle against the old state system. What has happened particularly in the past two years has pushed politicians and society to make a choice. This choice has required the re-questioning of the patriarchal structure and communitarianism. It has been realized that the old structures do not match the current point that society has reached and they would cause trouble. The problem was not only with the Kemalist regime, but also with the entirety of the patriarchal mentality.We have now reached a crossroad and are on the verge of making a choice thanks to the self-renewing nature of the Justice and Development Party (AK Party) and its reflection in overall politics. However, this does not mean that everything will keep on track automatically, as there are a number of questions that will determine the process: which path will religionists and Kurds follow? To which extent will secularists adapt themselves to the new Turkey? How and when will they enter this path? Will religionists be able to strike a happy medium between patriarchal and democratic culture? Will they be able to combine these two elements and establish a common morality on an equal basis by giving up the privileges of being the "dominant nation?"How all this will be done is also important. The choice will be made between consenting to be equal to others by gaining more wealth, consuming more and establishing a principal equality through democratic institutionalism without giving up basic principles of Islam. This cannot be achieved only with the rehabilitation of the rights of Kurds, Alevis and non-Muslims. Unless a common morality is established, they will not go beyond being temporary gains achieved at short notice. I do not think that Turkey has a potential of going to extremes like al-Qaida. The main problem is the corruption of Muslims (considering it as democratization and adaptation to the modern world) and tendency toward authoritarianism when they take over power. This, in brief, means losing identity in the quest for a new one. Those who are at the top of the hierarchy reinstate the rights of "others" on condition that they will remain in the sphere that is designated for them.Common morality can be obtained only when Muslims feel free to behave democratically among themselves (particularly Alevis) and toward the others, acknowledge that integration with other cultures is not loss of faith, open themselves up to the "others" and synthesize Islam with democratization. The AK Party is achieving this with its sound decisions and institutional structure.Even though the Ottoman era seems to have been better than the Republican period in many aspects, it did not find or apply the above-mentioned formula either. The culture of coexisting was built on a hierarchical and patriarchal order. With the Tanzımat reforms (political reforms made in the late Ottoman period), the Ottoman Empire could neither maintain the old nor establish a new order and it collapsed. Now we are on the verge of having the greatest opportunity in the last hundred years. I believe that we will make the best of it, as the latest developments affirm.