Turkish politics’ reconciliation with conservatism


The joint candidate of the two parliamentary opposition parties for the presidential election has been announced. The election that is to be held on Aug. 10 will see Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu, a politician with traditional Islamic lineage, compete with the Justice and Development Party's (AK Party) potential president candidate Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, who has been the prime minister for 12 years.Being the Secretary-General of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) for years, İhsanoğlu obtained his MSc from Egypt's Al-Azhar University, which is renowned as one of the leading centers of Islamic learning. Almost no one in the Turkish public knows İhsanoğlu except a few people closely interested in politics. Even the leaders of the parties that nominated him as a candidate have difficulty pronouncing his name. The jokes about İhsanoğlu have been the hot topic on social media for days, although the disputes over İhsanoğlu are not about his unknown public identity.The leading criticisms regarding İhsanoğlu's candidacy are about his incompatibility with the parties that nominated him considering the main opposition Republican People's Party (CHP), who suggested İhsanoğlu, is a militant-secularist party known for its strict anti-conservative policies of the last 80 years. The party is known for regarding the fundamental human rights demands of religious Muslims, which constitute the majority of Turkey, as a "threat to secularism." It even does not avoid clearly supporting the Turkish army's coups and memorandums that were committed before in turn showing this imaginary "threat" as an excuse.The Turkish public was surprised as the CHP nominated a conservative name since it opposes Erdoğan mainly for his conservatism. As a result, serious disputes have begun within the opposition party. CHP deputies clearly criticize and warn the party's chair Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu for tending to right-wing policies. Also, some deputies of the CHP recently held a meeting to nominate another presidential candidate.As for the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP), the other opposition party that jointly nominated İhsanoğlu with the CHP, discussions regarding İhsanoğlu are milder as this radical Turkish nationalist party has supporters with conservative tendencies. However, MHP supporters with religious sensitivities have shown reactions against İhsanoğlu's remarks on the military coup in Egypt, which nearly justify the actors of the coup.The fourth party in the Parliament, the pro-Kurdish Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP), also announced that it would nominate its own candidate for the presidential election. The HDP usually receives around 40 percent of the Kurds' votes in the country, while the rest of them support Erdoğan. Both the Kurds voting for the AK Party and the supporters of the HDP say that they would vote for Erdoğan in the elections as he has initiated the resolution process to end the inner clashes which began around 30 years ago.As data suggest, the three opposition parties, that would stand a chance against Erdoğan only if they could reach a full consensus on a single joint candidate, have not been able to reach the consensus they desired so far.The big picture, on the other hand, signifies a valuable improvement: the inclusion of the actors that have existed through a non-political paradigm which has seen the production of conservative policies as a threat to democracy. For now, they are practicing an eclectic which will coincide with a policy to win the conservative AK Party supporters' favor. But even this defective practice and the initiation of these discussions raise the hope that the actors in Turkish politics might leave their orientalist and Islamophobic tendencies and adopt more left-wing and liberal policies in the future.