Hundreds of Syrians in the southern city of Deraa protested on Sunday at the erection of a new statue of Bashar al-Assad's late father, nearly eight years after the original was toppled at the outbreak of Syria's civil war.

Demonstrators and witnesses said residents walked through the war-ravaged old quarter of the city calling for Assad's overthrow, days before the eighth anniversary of the start of the conflict.

"Syria is ours, not for the house of Assad," protesters chanted as security forces closed off the area to stop residents from other parts of the city joining the demonstration.

Deraa was where peaceful protests against 40 years of autocratic Assad family rule began in 2011, and were met by deadly force, before spreading across the country.

The Syrian army, aided by Russian airpower and Iranian militias, retook control of Deraa from rebel forces in July on its way to regaining control of the bulk of Syrian territory.

But since then, residents of Deraa say disaffection has been growing as Assad's secret police once more tighten their control and a campaign of arrests has sowed widespread fear.

The regime had given schools and government employees a day off on Sunday to attend a pro-regime rally to inaugurate the new bronze statue of late Hafez al-Assad, erected on the site of the previous statue felled by protesters.

That rally broke up after gunfire from near the square caused panic among attendees, a witness said.

A group of youths protesting in Deraa's old quarter carried a placard reading: "It will fall. Your statue is from the past, it's not welcome here."

Lawyer and activist Adnan Masalma said: "People have gathered without organisation and to peacefully demonstrate over just demands."

After Deraa surrendered to regime forces last summer, many residents chose to stay rather than head to remaining rebel-held areas in northern Syria, where tens of thousands of others displaced from recaptured areas have gathered.

"The country has been destroyed and, instead of reconstruction, we place memorials," read another protest placard.

The Assad regime has reinstalled several large statues of the elder Assad after military victories that have seen his son regain most of the territory once held by rebels.

Many residents in Deraa province complain that services have not been fully restored and that there are chronic power shortages, while many young men fear a campaign of military conscription to fight the remaining rebels.

Some residents say Iranian-backed local militias now hold sway in strategically located southern Syria, bordering Jordan and Israeltarget="_blank"'>