Airstrikes by U.S.-led coalition forces in Syria have killed or wounded many civilians, indicating that required precautions were ignored and war crimes may have been committed, United Nations investigators said Wednesday.
Assad regime and allied Russian warplanes are also conducting a deadly campaign that appears to target medical facilities, schools, markets and farmland and which may also amount to war crimes, the report by the U.N. Commission of Inquiry on Syria said.
The investigators also accused Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, a terrorist alliance formerly known as Nusra Front that is the dominant armed group in Idlib, of firing rockets indiscriminately and killing civilians.
The eight-year-old war has claimed the lives of hundreds of thousands and forced 13 million people from their homes, half of whom have left their shattered homeland.
Backed by U.S.-led coalition air power in a fight to oust Daesh terror group, the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), which is led by the terrorist PKK-affiliated People's Protection Units (YPG), retook the group's last major stronghold of Hajin in eastern Syria in late December.
The coalition's Al-Jazeera Storm operation resulted in a high number of civilian casualties, including in a series of strikes on Jan. 3 in Sha'fah, south of Hajin, that killed 16 civilians including 12 children, the U.N. report said.
"The Commission finds that there are reasonable grounds to believe that international coalition forces may not have directed their attacks at a specific military objective, or failed to do so with the necessary precaution," it said.
"Launching indiscriminate attacks that result in death or injury to civilians amounts to a war crime in cases in which such attacks are conducted recklessly," it added.
Coalition officials could not be reached immediately for comment on the report.
Night raids by SDF forces backed by coalition helicopter gunships killed and wounded civilians in Shahil and other parts of Deir el-Zor province, in further apparent violations of international law, the investigators said.
Turkey has long warned that it is not rational to fight one terrorist group with another. The U.S., however, while listing the PKK as a terrorist group, opted to continue its steadfast militarily support for the YPG terrorist group under the pretext of fighting Daesh.
In 2017, Human Rights Watch (HRW) revealed that YPG forces restricted the freedom of movement of displaced persons from Raqqa and the Deir el-Zor province who end up in displacement camps in territories under the terrorist group's control.
Amnesty International documented a wave of forced displacement and home demolitions amounting to war crimes, carried out by the autonomous administration dominated by the YPG in 2015.
Syrian regime forces carried out repeated airstrikes in Saraqib, in northwest Idlib province on March 9, damaging Al-Hayat women's and children's hospital, despite pro-regime forces being aware of its coordinates, the report said.
In Idlib on May 14, "pro-government forces airdropped between two and four missiles on a fish market and primary school for girls in Jisr al-Shughur," killing at least 8 civilians, it said.
"Such attacks may amount to the war crime of deliberately attacking protected objects and intentionally attacking medical personnel," it said.
The Syrian regime denies its strikes target civilians and says its forces only bomb militants associated with hardline groups linked to al-Qaida.
The report covers the year to July and is based on nearly 300 interviews and analysis of satellite imagery, photographs and videos.