For ordinary Ukrainians who have spent much of the year hiding in bomb shelters and supporting the war effort any way they can, the anniversary meant reflection
With no end in sight to the war, Ukrainians paid tribute to their fallen loved ones Friday and vowed to fight on to victory, while Russia said its forces were making gains in battle in the east as its invasion entered a second year.
At a ceremony on Kyiv's St. Sophia Square, President Volodymyr Zelenskyy bestowed medals to a soldier on crutches and the mother of one killed and held back tears when a band played the national anthem.
"We have become one family. There are no more strangers among us. Ukrainians today are all fellows. Ukrainians have sheltered Ukrainians, opened their homes and hearts to those who were forced to flee the war," Zelenskyy said in a television address.
"We withstand all threats, shelling, cluster bombs, cruise missiles, kamikaze drones, blackouts and cold. We are stronger than that," he said. "We were not defeated. And we will do everything to gain victory this year!"
Zelenskyy was due later to attend an online summit with U.S. President Joe Biden and other leaders of the Group of Seven wealthy democracies, expected to denounce the war, pledge more support for Ukraine and tighten financial sanctions against Russia.
For ordinary Ukrainians who have spent much of the year hiding in bomb shelters and supporting the war effort any way they can, the anniversary meant reflection.
"I buried my son who died in military service. I also buried my husband. I think it's very clear to you, I'm on my own now and it's very, very hard," said Valentyna Krysan, 75, a shop employee in Kyiv. "I wish you a nice, peaceful day, and that such a thing will never repeat in your lives."
Blue and yellow flags
Allies around the world showed their support. Paris lit up the Eiffel Tower in the Ukrainian flag colors of blue and yellow. In London, where the street outside the Russian embassy was painted blue and yellow, people draped in Ukrainian flags with hands on their hearts gathered at a vigil holding a banner: "If you stand for freedom, stand for Ukraine."
"There will be a life after this war, because Ukraine will win," Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo said in a speech.
German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, in a video message, hailed "the determination and courage of the Ukrainians, how they defend their freedom. Germany supports them in this – as strongly and as long as necessary."
There were no major public events to mark the anniversary Friday in Russia, which set off fireworks on Thursday for the annual "Defenders of the Fatherland" holiday and held a pop concert on Wednesday attended by President Vladimir Putin.
Tens of thousands of Ukrainian civilians are feared to have been killed along with many more soldiers on both sides since Putin ordered the invasion a year ago, saying it was necessary to protect Russia's security.
Ukraine sees it as a brazen bid to subjugate an independent state. Its outnumbered and outgunned forces repelled Russia's attempt to seize the capital Kyiv early in the war and later recaptured swathes of occupied territory. But Moscow still occupies nearly a fifth of Ukraine which it claims to have annexed.
Russian troops have destroyed Ukrainian towns and cities, sent one-third of the population fleeing and left streets filled with corpses in towns they have occupied and lost. Moscow denies war crimes.
In recent weeks, Russian forces, replenished with hundreds of thousands of conscripts in the first mobilization since World War Two, have launched a winter offensive of intense trench warfare, making only small gains despite fighting that both sides say has been the bloodiest of the war.
No peace
There is no sign of any peace process. Putin says he is battling the combined might of the West in what he now depicts as a fight for Russia's survival. Kyiv says there can be no peace until Russia withdraws.
In the latest reports from the battlefield, Russia's Wagner private army, run by a Putin ally who has quarreled with the regular military brass, claimed Friday to have captured another village on the outskirts of Bakhmut, the small mining city in the east that has been the focus of Moscow's offensive.
Russia has made clear if slow progress in attempting to encircle Bakhmut, but failed to capture it in time to deliver a victory for Putin to announce for the anniversary.
Costly Russian assaults have made little or no progress elsewhere on the front. Ukraine, for its part, is concentrating on defense for now, awaiting new weapons supplies for a counterattack.
Britain announced new sanctions on Russia Friday, and other Western powers were also expected to do so around a meeting of the Group of Seven (G7) powers, led by Biden, who journeyed to Kyiv and gave a landmark speech in Warsaw this week to mark the anniversary.
China, which signed a "no limits" partnership with Russia on the eve of the war and signaled support by sending its top diplomat to Moscow this week, issued a peace plan on Friday, sticking to its principle of public neutrality. Washington has said in recent days it believes China may supply weapons to Russia; Beijing denies this.
The U.N. General Assembly overwhelmingly adopted a resolution on Thursday demanding that Russia pull out.
There were 141 votes in favor and 32 abstentions, including China. Six countries joined Russia to vote 'no' - Belarus, North Korea, Eritrea, Mali, Nicaragua and Syria. Russia's Deputy U.N. Ambassador Dmitry Polyanskiy dismissed the vote as "useless."