Turkey’s three biggest cities, Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir, experienced a rise in coronavirus cases over the last week as the eastern and southeastern parts of the country enjoyed relative calm, data from the Health Ministry showed Sunday.

According to the data, the number of cases per 100,000 people in Istanbul recorded a jump to 111 from 89 compared to the previous week, while Ankara’s caseload increased to 54 from 39 as Izmir’s coronavirus cases hit 66 from the previous week’s 53.

The data also showed that northern provinces in the Black Sea region still have the highest ratio of coronavirus cases to healthy people.

Northern Samsun province currently ranks first in the number of coronavirus cases with 348 patients for every 100,000 citizens – a significant increase from the previous week’s 262.

Meanwhile, northern Sinop province registered its biggest weekly increase with a jump to 314 from the previous week’s 160.

There was also good news in the region, Ordu province recorded a drop in cases, reporting 280 compared to the previous week's 301.

Uşak province is an exception being that it is the only "blue" city, meaning that it is among the towns with the least number of cases in the western region of the country.

The fall in cases in Uşak continued this week too, dropping from 18 to 10 cases in every 100,000 citizens.

Other than Uşak, all other "blue" cities are located in the eastern and southeastern parts of Turkey, which all have below 35 patients in every 100,000 citizens.

The list of "blue cities" in the eastern and southeastern parts of the country did not change much, with Hakkari and Şırnak on the southeastern tip of the country ranking top.

Even though the eastern and southeastern parts of the country continue to enjoy relative calm, things are more complicated in the big cities, especially Istanbul.

Traffic jam hits Istanbul

With the easing of COVID-19 restrictions, traffic jams occurred in many big cities in Turkey but Istanbul, a city of nearly 20 million people notorious for its congestion, was hit particularly hard.

Istanbul residents, overwhelmed after months of weekend curfews, headed outdoors on the first day of eased restrictions.

Istanbul's buses, boats, trains and trams were crowded, while car owners caused congestion on the city's highways, roads and July 15 Martyrs’ Bridge and Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, which connect the city’s European and Asian sides.

After more than 100 days of restrictions that took a toll on businesses and confined millions to their homes for most of the week, the government announced a new "normalization" process.

The new era, named the "controlled normalization process" by President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, is hailed by residents of provinces reporting low case numbers, but people living in coronavirus hot spots will have to hold on a little longer for a return to the old days when movement was not restricted. The curfews have been partially lifted, and some closed businesses were allowed to reopen across the country, except in places at the highest risk level.

Erdoğan gave the good news to the public after a Cabinet meeting on Monday and announced the weekend curfews in "low- and medium-risk provinces" would be removed. In riskier places, they will remain in place on Sundays, and a night curfew for weekdays and Saturday nights will remain intact. Primary schools, which have been closed for months, also reopened on Tuesday, after a one-day delay. In-person education also resumed for middle and high schools in low- and medium-risk provinces. Schools in rural areas with no COVID-19 cases already reopened last month.

In low- and medium-risk provinces, curfew restrictions were lifted for people aged 65 and above as well as for those under 20. In high-risk and very high-risk provinces, the permitted time period to go out for those aged 65 and over and under 20 will be increased from three hours to four hours. People aged 65 and over will be able to go out between 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. and those under 20 between 2 p.m. to 6 p.m.

The major beneficiaries of normalization are undoubtedly the owners and staff of restaurants and cafes, which were mandated to serve only takeaway meals since November 2020. Except for high-risk regions, eateries were permitted to reopen Tuesday. Under the new rules, they will be allowed to operate from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. at half capacity and will be mandated to ask for customers' Hayat Eve Sığar (HES - Life Fits Into Home) code, which is used by the Health Ministry to trace COVID-19 positive people.

Despite the resumption of normal life, the pandemic has devastated many smaller restaurants and cafes that suffered heavy financial losses. Though takeaway services continued, they were limited and businesses that could not afford to hire extra staff to make the deliveries suffered the most. The government last month announced that the country would provide financial support to the affected businesses. The support can be claimed by businesses, such as restaurants and cafes, whose 2019 turnover was TL 3 million ($426,433) or less. Businesses, whose turnover has decreased by 50%, will be provided between TL 2,000 and TL 40,000 payment support for loss of turnover. The government in January also announced it would be postponing income tax, withholding tax and sales tax payments for businesses that have seen activities temporarily suspended.

More restrictions will be lifted or reintroduced based on the number of COVID-19 cases in each of the 81 provinces. Certain basic rules, like mandatory masks and social distancing, also remain.

The country has implemented a color-coded, regional approach to tackling the virus. Provinces at very high risk are deemed "red," while others with lesser cases are respectively classified as "orange, yellow and blue." The categorization is based both on the number of cases and vaccination rate as the country started its inoculation drive on Jan. 14, 2020. This month, Turkey's Health Ministry started issuing maps showing the average number of weekly cases for each province. The authority to remove or impose restrictions was delegated to provincial public health boards, straying from the previous centralized approach.

Current figures show recoveries have exceeded 2.5 million, while the number of fatalities since March 2020 stands at more than 28,000. The total number of cases stands at more than 2.7 million.

Vaccination is the secondary criteria for reopening, and Erdoğan said that Turkey has vaccinated over 10% of its total population so far. As of Tuesday, more than 9 million people had been vaccinated, including nearly 2 million people who were administered their second jabs after a 28-day interval.