South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol announced on Thursday a record $19 billion support plan, aiming to bolster the country's crucial semiconductor industry.
South Korea is home to the world's top memory chipmakers Samsung Electronics and SK hynix and last year pledged to build the world's largest chip center using $456 billion of private investment as it seeks an edge in the global industry.
"We have created a comprehensive support program for the semiconductor industry worth 26 trillion Korean won, which encompasses financial, infrastructure, research and development, as well as support for small and medium-sized companies," he said, according to a statement from his office.
The package includes a $7 billion investment announced earlier this month.
Yoon also said Seoul would extend tax benefits for chip investments in hopes of boosting employment and attracting more talent to the industry.
The country is also building a "mega chip cluster" just outside Seoul, which the government claims will be the world's largest semiconductor-making complex and create millions of jobs.
"As you all know, semiconductors are a field of national all-out war," Yoon said.
"Winning or losing depends on who makes the state-of-the-art semiconductors with high information processing capabilities first. The state must provide support for semiconductors so that they do not lag behind competitors," he added.
With the new package, Yoon said there would be a "new semiconductor financial support program worth 17 trillion won" run through the Korea Development Bank to allow companies to make crucial new investments.
"As companies invest enormous amounts of money in facilities such as new factories and line expansions, liquidity problems arise," he said.
"I believe that these difficulties will be largely resolved through the Korea Development Bank's support program," he added.
The plan will also create a "semiconductor ecosystem fund" worth a trillion won, which will support fabless companies and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) linked to the industry.
"Our fabless market share is still in the 1% range, and foundry, which manufactures system semiconductors, is unable to close the gap with leading companies such as TSMC," Yoon said, referring to the chip giant, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company.
Earlier this month, Seoul said it would set up an aid package worth more than $7 billion to support its chip industry as part of its drive to boost the semiconductor sector, which is critical to Asia's fourth-largest economy.
The moves come as the government looks to invest heavily in six key technologies, including chips, displays and batteries, all areas where the country's tech giants are well-established already.
Semiconductors are South Korea's leading exports and hit $11.7 billion in March, their highest level in almost two years, accounting for a fifth of South Korea's total exports, according to trade ministry figures.
"Semiconductors are virtually the only industry South Korea can rely on as a source of growth," Cho Dong-keun, an economics professor emeritus at Myongji University, told Agence France-Presse (AFP).
"This announcement is seen as stemming from the necessity to carefully cultivate industries where South Korea has a clear and strategic advantage," he said.
In May 2022, Samsung unveiled a massive 450 trillion won five-year investment blueprint to make the country a frontrunner in key sectors, from semiconductors to biologics.
Securing supplies of advanced chips has become a crucial issue internationally, with the United States and China locked in a fierce battle for control of the market.
"South Korea is supplying 80% of the world's memory semiconductors and has said it is investing 300 trillion won in the Yongin cluster, but there has been a water supply issue with it," Kim Dae-jong, a professor of business administration at Sejong University in Seoul, told AFP.
"On top of tackling such issues, today's announcement seems to be an effort to support innovative small and medium-sized enterprises to further strengthen their competitiveness against (rivals) like Taiwan."
