U.S. President Donald Trump announced on Wednesday he would introduce a steep 50% tariff on Brazil, as he blasted the trial of the country's ex-leader, and said a U.S. "national security" levy on copper would begin in August.
In a letter addressed to Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, Trump criticized the treatment of his right-wing ally Jair Bolsonaro as an "international disgrace."
Bolsonaro is facing trial over accusations he plotted a coup after his narrow 2022 election loss to Lula.
In response to Trump's tariff letter, Lula warned of possible reciprocation, writing on X that "any unilateral tariff increases will be addressed in light of the Brazilian Law of Economic Reciprocity."
Brazil earlier on Wednesday said it had summoned the U.S. charge d'affaires over Trump's previous criticism of the Bolsonaro trial.
The 50% U.S. tariff on Brazilian goods will take effect Aug. 1, Trump said in his letter, mirroring a deadline that dozens of other economies face.
On that same date, a 50% tariff on U.S. imports of copper – a key metal used in green energy and other technologies – will take effect, Trump announced Wednesday evening on social media.
He said the move followed a "robust NATIONAL SECURITY ASSESSMENT," likely alluding to a Department of Commerce investigation into copper launched earlier this year.
"Copper is the second most used material by the Department of Defense!" Trump said.
Trump's message to Lula was the latest in more than 20 such letters the U.S. president has released since Monday, after repeatedly threatening to simply decide a rate for countries as negotiations continue over his elevated "reciprocal" tariffs.
Brazil had not been among those threatened previously with duties above a 10% baseline, and the U.S. runs a goods trade surplus with Brazil.
On Wednesday, Trump also addressed letters to leaders of the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Brunei, Algeria, Libya, Iraq and Moldova, spelling out duties ranging from 20% to 30% that would also take effect on Aug. 1.
Similar to a first batch of documents published Monday, the levels were not too far from those originally threatened in April, although some partners received notably lower rates this time.
While Trump in April imposed a 10% levy on almost all trading partners, he unveiled – and then withheld – higher rates for dozens of economies.
The deadline for those steeper levels to take effect was meant to be Wednesday, before Trump postponed it further to Aug. 1.
Countries that faced the threats of elevated duties began receiving letters spelling out U.S. tariff rates on their products.
In the messages, Trump justified his tariffs as a response to trade ties that he says are "far from Reciprocal."
The letters urged countries to manufacture products in the U.S. to avoid duties, while threatening further escalation if leaders retaliated.
Other countries that have received Trump's letters include key U.S. allies Japan and South Korea, as well as Indonesia, Bangladesh and Thailand.
Analysts have noted that Asian countries have been a key target so far.
But all eyes are on the state of negotiations with major partners who have yet to receive such letters, including the European Union.
The Trump administration is under pressure to unveil more trade pacts. So far, Washington has only reached agreements with the U.K. and Vietnam, alongside a deal to temporarily lower tit-for-tat levies with China.
Trump on Tuesday said his government was "probably two days off" from sending the EU a letter with an updated tariff rate.
An EU spokesperson said Wednesday the bloc wants to strike a deal with the U.S. "in the coming days," and has shown readiness to reach an agreement in principle.
Apart from tariffs targeting goods from different countries, Trump has rolled out sector-specific duties on steel, aluminum and autos since returning to the White House in January.
