Less than two months before this year's U.N. climate summit, the Azerbaijani leadership laid out its plans on Tuesday for what it hoped to achieve, as countries continue to struggle with the question of how to raise ambitions for a new financing target.
The main task for the COP29 United Nations Climate Summit in November is for countries to agree on a new annual target for funding that wealthy countries will pay to help poorer nations cope with climate change.
Many developing countries say they cannot upgrade their targets to cut emissions faster without first receiving more financial support to invest in doing this.
With countries remaining far from agreement on the financing goal, the COP29 presidency this week outlined more than a dozen side initiatives that could raise ambitions, but do not require party negotiation and building consensus, which can hamper progress. These take the form of new funds, pledges and declarations that national governments can adopt.
Notably, this includes a fund with voluntary contributions from fossil fuel-producing countries and companies for the public and private sectors working on climate issues, as well as grants that can be doled out to assist with climate-fuelled natural disasters in developing countries.
Such side agendas use "the convening power of COP and the hosts’ respective national capabilities to form coalitions and drive progress," said Mukhtar Babayev, who holds the rotating COP presidency, in a letter to all parties and stakeholders.
Over 120 countries pledged at last year's COP28 summit in Dubai, for example, to triple renewable energy capacity by 2030.
The COP29 presidency also hopes to build support around a pledge to increase global energy storage capacity six times above 2022 levels, reaching 1,500 gigawatts (GW) by 2030. This would include a commitment to scale up investments in energy grids, adding or refurbishing more than 80 million kilometers (50 million miles) by 2040.
Babayev, who is Azerbaijan's minister of ecology and natural resources, said the agenda would "help to enhance ambition by bringing stakeholders together around common principles and goals."
"We hope to address some of the most pressing issues while also highlighting remaining priorities," he said.
Another declaration would see countries and companies create a global market for clean hydrogen, addressing regulatory, technological, financing and standardization barriers.
COP29 leaders have also appealed for a "COP Truce" that would highlight the importance of peace and climate action.
Despite countries' existing climate commitments, carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels hit a record high last year, and the world just registered its hottest summer on record as temperatures climb.
