EU unveils plan to restore Schengen by end of 2016

The EU yesterday unveiled a "roadmap" to end border controls imposed by member states because of the migrant crisis and restore the Schengen passport-free travel area by the year's end.

Brussels has called for the creation of a European Union border and coast guard force by the summer and help for Greece to strengthen its external border, the main point of entry for refugees and migrants to Europe. "The objective would be to lift all internal border controls by December, so that there can be a return to a normally functioning Schengen area by the end of 2016," the European Commission said in a statement.

The 26-country Schengen area – allowing passport-free travel from Iceland to Greece – is under threat as a series of countries have reintroduced border controls to stem the flow of migrants through the bloc.

More than 1.25 million people claimed asylum in the EU last year, more than double the previous year, with 363,000 of those fleeing the civil war in Syria, EU data showed on Friday. The Commission, the executive arm of the 28-nation EU, said that re-establishing border controls in the Schengen area could cost between five billion and 18 billion euros a year, equivalent to 0.05 percent to 0.13 percent of the bloc's economic output. "Temporary border controls not only hamper the free movement of persons, they also come with significant economic costs," the statement said.

With Europe facing its biggest migration crisis since World War II, the European Commission's plan says that restoring the Schengen area is "of paramount importance for the European Union as a whole."

The majority of migrants come from the Middle East and Africa. The turmoil in the Middle East and the five-year war in Syria have led many people to flee the conflict in an attempt to seek security and shelter in a more prosperous and peaceful country, such as those in Europe. However, Europe has been slammed for lacking a collaborative response to the crisis. Many European countries have been criticized for introducing harsh measures at their borders and failing to show solidarity, which puts the Schengen system and the EU itself in danger. Many EU officials have been warning for months that if Europe fails to find a unified and collaborative response, then Schengen zone may collapse.