A supermassive black hole – likely born of a bizarre game of intergalactic billiards – is rampaging through the blackness of space and plowing into gas clouds in its path, leaving behind a 200,000-light-year-long trail of newborn stars, space scientists say.
The incredible forces at play mean this gas is being forged into a contrail of new stars, which have been captured on camera by NASA's powerful Hubble Space Telescope.
"We think we're seeing a wake behind the black hole where the gas cools and is able to form stars," said Pieter van Dokkum of Yale University. "What we're seeing is the aftermath. Like the wake behind a ship, we're seeing the wake behind the black hole."
Researchers believe gas is probably being blasted and warmed by the motion of the black hole.
"Gas in front of it gets shocked because of this supersonic, very high-velocity impact of the black hole moving through the gas," said van Dokkum.
The black hole weighs about the same as 20 million of our Suns. Scientists believe it began its rampage after being ejected from a celestial merging of three bodies. The working theory is that two galaxies probably merged about 50 million years earlier, bringing together two supermassive black holes, which whirled around each other harmoniously.
However, a third galaxy butted in with its own black hole, creating an unstable and chaotic scene that eventually saw one of them ejected at high speed – fast enough to travel between the Earth and the moon in just 14 minutes.
Stargazers say there is no cause for earthly concern because this is all very far away. It's also a long time ago – back when the universe was half of its current age. We are seeing it now because of the time it has taken for light to arrive here.
The runaway black hole, which has never been seen before, was discovered by accident, said van Dokkum.
"I was just scanning through the Hubble image and then I noticed that we have a little streak. It didn't look like anything we've seen before," he said, adding the star trail is "quite astonishing, very, very bright and very unusual."
While this is the first tearaway black hole ever spotted, it might not be the only one, said NASA.
Their Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, which is expected to launch sometime this decade, should give astronomers a much wider view of the universe – and could lead to the discovery of more of these star-forming runaways.
