The percent of males in the general population was recorded at 50.2 percent (38,473,360), while the female population was noted at 49.8 percent (38,194,504). The annual population growth rate, which was 1.2 percent in 2012, increased to 1.37 percent in 2013.
With the establishment of 14 metropolitan municipalities in 2013 and the addition of villages to the metropolitan system in 30 localities, the percentage of people residing in city and town centers increased to 91.3 percent from 77.3 percent in 2012.
The first official census was recorded in 1927 when the population of the Republic of Turkey was 13.6 million. According to 2011 estimates, Turkey's population density is around 97 people per km2. Istanbul, the largest city in Turkey, remains the largest city in Europe in terms of population size and the third largest in Europe in terms of land mass.
