A Chinese company commenced work Monday on a $50 billion canal across Nicaragua - an ambitious rival to the Panama Canal that skeptics dismiss as a pipe dream and protesters say will wreck the environment. The Chinese telecom magnate behind the canal, Wang Jing, inaugurated the project at a ceremony in the southern town of Rivas that was moved forward by several hours after anti-canal activists called for protests. "Today, we are going to begin the initial work on the Nicaragua Canal with the support of the government and the understanding and strong support of the Nicaraguan people," Wang said in Rivas, the epicenter of three months of demonstrations against the canal.
Hundreds of protesters blocked the highway connecting the region to the capital, Managua, despite what community leader Octavio Ortega called a "militarized" response from security forces in the region. In Managua, where President Daniel Ortega was due to hold a separate ceremony in the evening, environmentalists called for the release of the project's feasibility studies. Construction will begin with the first access roads at the mouth of the Brito River on the Central American country's Pacific coast. Wang's Hong Kong Nicaragua Development Investment (HKND) company says 300 workers will build the roads and a port - the first of 50,000 people who will be hired to construct the massive 280-kilometer waterway connecting the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. The firm estimates the project will take five years, half the time it took the United States to complete the Panama Canal 100 years ago, considered one of the greatest engineering feats of the 20th century.
Nicaragua, which fought Panama to host the first canal across Central America, has now reemerged as a modern-day rival. The canal route crosses Lake Nicaragua, the largest freshwater reserve in Central America, and runs through rainforest and at least 40 villages before terminating at the mouth of the Punta Gorda River in the southern Caribbean, where another port will be built. The project also includes an international airport and a free trade zone with residential and tourism facilities.
Both ports and the canal will be designed to handle the modern mega-ships favored by global shipping firms, which can carry up to 25,000 containers. That dwarfs the current capacity of the 80-kilometer Panama Canal to the south, which can only handle ships carrying 5,000 containers. A $5.25 billion expansion of the Panama Canal, scheduled for completion in early 2016, will enable it to handle ships carrying 12,000 containers. Ortega, the leftist president who has ruled Nicaragua for 18 of the past 35 years, hopes the new canal will make his country the richest in Central America. But environmentalists warn the canal could destroy sensitive habitats and cloud Lake Nicaragua's waters. Three billion cubic meters (106 billion cubic feet) of earth will have to be excavated for the canal, which will be between 230 and 520 meters wide (750-1,700 feet) and 30 meters deep, allowing it to handle ships of up to 400,000 tons. The project will also displace 30,000 farmers and indigenous people from the Rama and Nahua ethnic groups who live along the planned canal route.
