Twenty-five U.S. states, almost all led by Democrats, sued the Trump administration on Monday over its latest wide-ranging tariffs imposed on dozens of countries, including key trading partners, arguing that the president had exceeded his authority.
The states filed suit at the U.S. Court of International Trade in New York, asking that judges halt the implementation of the tariffs, declare them unlawful and order the government to issue refunds.
"There is no rational fit between the purported problem of forced labor in international supply chains and the blanket global tariffs the USTR imposed," the coalition of states argued in a court filing, referring to the U.S. Trade Representative's office.
The challenge is related to Trump's latest salvo of tariffs in a range between 10% and 12.5% imposed against 60 trading partners last month.
The tariffs were imposed after probes by the USTR's office over allegations of "forced labor," conducted under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974.
Since taking office for his second term, Trump has upended global trade by imposing wide-ranging tariffs, at times reaching eye-watering levels on Washington's friends and foes alike.
Trump has argued that U.S. trading partners have been taking advantage of the world's largest economy, and has sought to use tariffs as leverage to strike new trade deals.
On Monday, the White House hit back at the latest challenge to Trump's tariffs, arguing that the government's move was legal.
"The United States is using its lawful authority to obtain the elimination of unreasonable acts, policies, and practices that burden US commerce," said Kush Desai, a White House spokesperson, in a statement.
"Section 301 tariffs have proven to be a legally durable tool since the President's first term, and they remain so now."
Trump's first round of tariffs, imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), was struck down by the US Supreme Court in February.
He replaced those with a 10% global levy, which expired in July.
The new Section 301 tariffs replaced that levy, taking effect as the 10% tariff expired on July 24.
Of the 25 states in the suit, 23 have Democratic governors while two, Nevada and Vermont, are led by Republicans.
In their court filing, the states argued that the Section 301 probes were "a pretextual and unlawful effort to exert unfettered tariff power."
The document lays out a timeline of Trump administration officials' statements, arguing that the investigations were rushed and prejudged when they were initiated.
"The Tariff Action is arbitrary, capricious, and contrary to law," the complaint says.
"The Plaintiff States oppose forced labor in all its forms and support protections for workers around the globe. But the Administration cannot use forced labor as a pretext to continue its illegal tariff scheme."
Trump's separate sector-specific tariffs, imposed under different legal authorities on steel, automobiles and other goods, have been unaffected by recent legal challenges.
