The European Commission plans to propose measures this year to address security risks posed by outbound investments as well as reinforcing export controls on goods that have both civilian and military uses, with an eye on rivals such as China.
In a document entitled "European Economic Security Strategy," seen by Reuters ahead of its presentation on Tuesday, the Commission sets out its view on how the European Union can make its economy more resilient and identify emerging risks.
It said these could come from exports and investments that let know-how leak to foreign rivals in a "narrow set of key enabling technologies with military implication," giving quantum computing, artificial intelligence, 6G, biotechnology and robotics as examples.
The European Union executive will present its "communication" to EU lawmakers and countries, whose leaders are set to discuss relations with China in Brussels next week.
The document does not name China, but stresses partnering with countries who share EU concerns and uses the phrase "de-risking," its policy of reducing economic reliance on China.
The EU executive will need to tread carefully because granting of export licenses and weighing security interests are national competences that EU governments will want to retain.
A Dutch plan that effectively bars Chinese companies from buying the most advanced semiconductor-making tools of ASML is a case in point
The EU does control exports of specified "dual-use" goods that can have military applications. The Commission plans to produce a further list with EU members of technologies critical to economic security.
"EU member states are not ready to hand over export controls as a whole but we will probably see something more along the lines of greater cooperation," an EU diplomat said.
The Commission will also have an eye on inbound investment and may propose a revision of its screening mechanism before the end of 2023.
EU diplomats say the bloc must determine carefully what risks it wants to limit and establish that they cannot be contained by existing measures.
The Commission document says it will focus on risks to supply chains, including energy, and to critical infrastructure, such as telecom networks, as well as guarding against economic coercion and leaking out of leading-edge technology.
