Westminster has issued a warning that gray squirrels are compromising the United Kingdom's efforts to address climate change.
Parliament heard the invasive cute and fury rodent was the biggest threat to native broadleaf woodlands, such as oak.
The damage caused by the bark-stripping squirrels meant landowners were not planting the trees needed in the drive to reach net zero.
Concerns over the impact of gray squirrels were highlighted during a debate in the House of Lords on biosecurity by the earl of Kinnoull, Charles Hay.
The independent crossbencher chairs the U.K. Squirrel Accord, a partnership of conservation and forestry organizations, government agencies and private companies, which aims to halt the decline of the native red species, improve woodland habitats and reduce the dominant alien gray population.
Hay said: "The biggest threat to our broadleaf woodlands is the gray squirrel.
"They ring-bark trees aged between 10 and 40 years, making them susceptible to a host of pathogens and thus killing many and damaging much, if not all, of the rest in affected plantings. This greatly reduces the yield and quality of the timber."
"This has resulted in many landowners and managers in England simply not planting the native broadleaf trees that are needed as a significant part of our net zero strategy,” the pro-red squirrel earl added.
He highlighted UKSA-commissioned research into using an oral contraceptive as a nonlethal way to manage gray squirrels.
While this had been funded in part by the British Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), Hay said: "I hope that it does not seem ungrateful to the minister to observe that much larger sums of government money are being spent in other individual areas of disease and invasive alien species.
"Given the central need to deal with this issue, for net-zero reasons alone, I urge the government to consider upping the resource that they devote to it.”
He added: "If we have a bit more resources now, we will make a better job of dealing with the squirrel.”
Earlier, opening the debate, independent crossbencher Lord Alexander Trees, a vet and former president of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, stressed the importance of biosecurity.
He said: "There is no doubt that there are very significant risks to the U.K.’s health security for humans, animals, plants and indeed the environment, and plenty of evidence that these risks are increasing because of climate change and globalization.
"Although it may be difficult – indeed financially, practically and politically impossible – for us to prevent the emergence of infectious disease threats in other parts of the world, we do have the ability to try to reduce the risks of incursions of infectious diseases into the U.K. while allowing, as far as possible, unhindered trade."
"Just as we are increasingly recognizing the importance of energy security and food security, the latter of which may be imperiled by the introduction of new animal and plant pathogens, I suggest we should equally recognize the importance of biosecurity.”
Responding to the debate, Environment Minister Lord Robbie Douglas-Miller said: "Protecting the biosecurity of the United Kingdom is at the forefront of this government’s agenda.”
