An academic is tracing the route taken by numerous 17th-century Scottish prisoners-of-war who endured a grueling 100-mile death march.
Hundreds of captives taken at the Battle of Dunbar died at Durham Cathedral, where they were held in horrific, unsanitary conditions by Oliver Cromwell’s victorious army.
Some of the survivors were eventually sent around the world, including to the U.S., settling in New England.
Academic Megan Olshefski has spent years researching the hourlong bloody battle and the weeklong march south to Durham that followed.
The 29-year-old Californian is now following the route forced on the 4,000 soldiers, crossing the border at Berwick-upon-Tweed, then on to Belford and Alnwick in Northumberland.
When the famished troops reached Morpeth they took cabbages and root vegetables from walled gardens after days without food.
Via a stop in Newcastle, around 3,000 were eventually kept prisoner at Durham Cathedral and were held there for months.
They were kept in squalor and diseases spread in the cramped conditions, and they faced starvation, hypothermia, and murderous squabbles over possessions.
Just 1,600 prisoners-of-war survived, with the remains of those who died being buried around the cathedral – only to be discovered during building work 10 years ago.
Olshefski, who is studying for a doctorate at Durham University’s Department of Archaeology, has almost completed her research into the captives’ struggles, and their eventual freedom.
Setting out on the day of the battle, Sept. 3, she is following her route from Dunbar to Durham.
She said: "I plan, where possible, to spend each night on the site of each stopover and follow a traditional 17th-century Scottish diet of the period, which includes oats, peas, fish, brassica and kale.
"Conditions in the cathedral were truly horrific for captives whose ages ranged from just 15 to their mid-20s. They used the east end of the cathedral as a toilet and slept when and where they could in the west end because of the chronic lack of floor space. My intention in making this trip is to honor all those involved – particularly the ones who did not survive.”
She first became immersed in the soldiers’ story when she was a researcher and producer on the American equivalent of the British television program "Who Do You Think You Are?” when an episode tracked the life of one survivor.
John Adams was sent from captivity to work in a New England ironworks, where prisoners were indentured workers for five to seven years before they were freed to start new, and often long and successful, lives in the U.S.
Research into this poignant piece of history has been keenly followed by tens of thousands of Americans who are fiercely proud of their Scottish heritage. Some plan to relive their ancestors’ story by coming to the U.K. and visiting Scotland and northeast England.
The Battle of Dunbar was one of the shortest and most brutal battles of the 17th-century civil wars.
In less than an hour, the English Parliamentarian army, under the command of Oliver Cromwell, defeated the Scottish Covenanting army, which supported the claims of Charles II to the Scottish throne.
